Last Updated on July 12, 2021 by Rahul

If Else Statement In C (Conditional/control statement: if, else)

If Else Statement In C (Conditional/control statement: if, else)

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Today i will teach you about conditional statement(if, else) in C Language. (If Else Statement In C)

Conditional/control statement: if, else

Conditional statements help you to make a decision based on certain conditions. These conditions are specified by a set of conditional statements having boolean expressions which are evaluated to a boolean value true or false.
Types of if-else conditional statement in C:-

If Else Statement In C

1. If statement

2. If-else statement

3. If-elseif ladder

4. Nested If-else statement

If statement:-

The if statement in C language is used to execute the code if condition is true. if statement is known as one-way selection statement.

Syntax:-

if (condition)
{
body of if statement
}

Program:-

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int a;
	printf("Enter any value:");
	scanf("%d", &a);
	if(a < 100)
	{
		printf("Entered value is less than 100\n");
	}
	printf("simple program of if statement");
        return 0;
}

Output:-

How will the program work?

The if statement evaluate the condition inside the parenthesis().
if the condition is true, statement inside the body of if are execute.
if the condition is false, statement inside the body of if are not execute.

If-else statement:-

The if-else statement in C language is used to execute the code if condition is true or false. if-else statement is known as two-way selection statement.

Syntax:-

if(condition)
{
body of if statement
}
else
{
body of else statement
}

Program:-

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
        int a,b;
	printf("Enter any number:");
	scanf("%d", &a);
	b = a%2;
	if(b == 0)
	{
		printf("%d is even number", a);
	}
	else
	{
		printf("%d is odd number", a);
	}
	return 0;
}

Output:-

How will the program work?

The if-else statement evaluate the condition inside the parenthesis().
if the condition is true, statement inside the body of if are execute and statement inside the body of else are skip.
if the condition is false, statement inside the body of else are execute and statement inside the body of if are skip.

if-else if ladder

The if-else if statement is used to execute one code from multiple conditions. It is also known as multipath decision statement.
The if-else if ladder allows you to check between multiple test expressions and execute different statements.

syntax:-

if(condition 1)
{
body of if statement
}
else if(condition 2)
{
body of else if statement
}
else if(condition 3)
{
body of else if statement
}
.
.
else
{
body of else statement
}

Program:-

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int a,b;
	printf("Enter the value of A:");
	scanf("%d", &a);
	printf("Enter the value of B:");
	scanf("%d", &b);
	printf("value of A = %d\n", a);
	printf("value of B = %d\n\n", b);
	if(a>b)
	{
		printf("A is biggest and B is smallest");
	}
	else if(a<b)
	{
		printf("A is smallest and B is biggest");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("A and B both are equal", a, b);
	}
	return 0;
}

Output:-

Nested If-else statement

Syntax:-

if(condition)
{
if(condition)
{
body of if statement
}
else
{
body of else statement
}

}
else
{
if(condition)
{
body of if statement
}
else
{
body of else statement
}
}

program:-

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int a,b,c;
	printf("Enter the first value:");
	scanf("%d", &a);
	printf("Enter the second value:");
	scanf("%d", &b);
	printf("Enter the third value:");
	scanf("%d", &c);
	if(a>b)
	{
		if(a>c)
		{
			printf("First value(%d) is the biggest value\n", a);
		}
		else
		{
			printf("Third value(%d) is the biggest value\n", c);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		if(b>c)
		{
			printf("Second value(%d) is the biggest value\n", b);
		}
		else
		{
			printf("Third value(%d) is the biggest value\n", c);
		}
	}
        return 0;
}

Output:-

Create a program to find given year leap or not leap?

Program:-

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int year;
	printf("Enter year:");
	scanf("%d", &year);
	if(year%400 == 0)
	{
		printf("%d is a leap year", year);
	}
	else if(year%100 == 0)
	{
		printf("%d is not leap year", year);
	}
	else if(year%4 == 0)
	{
		printf("%d is a leap year", year);
	}
	else
	{
		printf("%d is not leap year", year);
	}
	return 0;
}

Output:-

Create a program check vowel or consonant using nested if-else?

Program:-

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	char ch;
	printf("Enter a character:");
	scanf("%c", &ch);
	if (( ch >= 'a' && ch <='z') || (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z'))
	{
		if ((ch == 'a' || ch == 'A' || ch == 'e' || ch == 'E' || ch == 'i' || ch == 'I' || ch == 'o' || ch == 'O' || ch == 'u' || ch == 'U'))
	        {
			printf("%c is a vowel", ch);
        	}
        	else
	        {
 	        	printf("%c is a consonant", ch);
        	}
	}
	else
	{
		printf("%c is neither a vowel nor a consonant", ch);
	}
	return 0;
}

output:-

If Else Statement In C

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